使用Lists
时间:2007-05-28 yycnet.yeah.net yyc译
List（接口） 顺序是List最重要的特性；它可保证元素按照规定的顺序排列。List为Collection添加了大量方法，以便我们在List中部插入和删除元素（只推荐对LinkedList这样做）。List也会生成一个ListIterator（列表反复器），利用它可在一个列表里朝两个方向遍历，同时插入和删除位于列表中部的元素（同样地，只建议对LinkedList这样做）ArrayList＊ 由一个数组后推得到的List。作为一个常规用途的对象容器使用，用于替换原先的Vector。允许我们快速访问元素，但在从列表中部插入和删除元素时，速度却嫌稍慢。一般只应该用ListIterator对一个ArrayList进行向前和向后遍历，不要用它删除和插入元素；与LinkedList相比，它的效率要低许多LinkedList 提供优化的顺序访问性能，同时可以高效率地在列表中部进行插入和删除操作。但在进行随机访问时，速度却相当慢，此时应换用ArrayList。也提供了addFirst()，addLast()，getFirst()，getLast()，removeFirst()以及removeLast()（未在任何接口或基础类中定义），以便将其作为一个规格、队列以及一个双向队列使用。
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List (interface)
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Order is the most important feature of a List; it promises to maintain elements in a particular sequence. List adds a number of methods to Collection that allow insertion and removal of elements in the middle of a List. (This is recommended only for a LinkedList.) A List will produce a ListIterator, and using this you can traverse the List in both directions, as well as insert and remove elements in the middle of the list (again, recommended only for a LinkedList).
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ArrayList*
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A List backed by an array. Use instead of Vector as a general-purpose object holder. Allows rapid random access to elements, but is slow when inserting and removing elements from the middle of a list. ListIterator should be used only for back-and-forth traversal of an ArrayList, but not for inserting and removing elements, which is expensive compared to LinkedList.
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LinkedList
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Provides optimal sequential access, with inexpensive insertions and deletions from the middle of the list. Relatively slow for random access. (Use ArrayList instead.) Also has addFirst(), addLast(), getFirst(), getLast(), removeFirst(), and removeLast() (which are not defined in any interfaces or base classes) to allow it to be used as a stack, a queue, and a dequeue.
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下面这个例子中的方法每个都覆盖了一组不同的行为：每个列表都能做的事情（basicTest()），通过一个反复器遍历（iterMotion()）、用一个反复器改变某些东西（iterManipulation()）、体验列表处理的效果（testVisual()）以及只有LinkedList才能做的事情等：
//: List1.java
// Things you can do with Lists
package c08.newcollections;
import java.util.*;
public class List1 {
// Wrap Collection1.fill() for convenience:
public static List fill(List a) {
return (List)Collection1.fill(a);
}
// You can use an Iterator, |
